When the Holocaust ended in 1948, many Jews felt that it was time to go back to the Land of Israel as there was really no place in Europe that they could call home. The British were in charge of the Land of Israel and the British Mandate had stated that they were to prepare for a Homeland for the Jews. The British didn't really do justice for the Jews, and chopped off the majority of the land and gave it to a Saudi prince which became the country of Jordan in 1922.
Jews had always live in the Land of Israel, and the arab population had not been there that long, they came when the Ottoman Empire wanted tax money from the land and forced arabs to move there.
When the Jews came in bigger numbers in the 19th Century, the local arabs had jobs but after a while they felt that the land was theirs, and fought the local Jews.
In 1948, when the British Mandate ended, they had wanted to give all the military bases to the arabs, but the Jews learned of the plans and got there first as soon as the British left, the Israelies were there to pick up the pieces.
May 15th 1948 marked the beginning of the State of Israel and it's first war. This war dragged on for until March 10th 1949.
There were attacks from on the Northern farms from Syria and from Egypt many "war exercises". In 1948, Egypt blocked the Straits of Tiran, the narrow sea lane that leads to Eilat, Israel's southern port.
Now you can watch the first video
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